The Black Diamond ATC XP is a belay device based upon the trustworthy ATC with the notable exception of having additional friction ridges cast into one side of the device.  These ridges offer more control over the person being belayed by allowing the belayer to lock own the rope with very little effort in the event the climber should fall.  There are many rappel devices that look and function similar to the ATC XP and I don’t really know who pioneered this design but for the sake of keeping it practical (and simple), most of the belay/ rappel devices of this design will have similar characteristics.  Since this is a Canyoneering post, we will look at the ATC XP as a rappel device. 

     This unit has basically four modes of use: single line high friction, single line low friction, double line high friction, and double line low friction.  In the high friction mode, the friction ridges will be on the tail side of the rope allowing the person on rappel to pull the rope into the ridges to control the descent as necessary.  In the low friction mode (with the ridges facing away from the tail of the rope), it is much the same as a traditional ATC.  Since the design of this product is based on rock climbing, use of any rope thicker than ten millimeter will result in a very slow – if not painfully slow – descent.  For this reason, our evaluation will be done with Sterling Ropes HTP super static in 9mm.  This is a polyester sheath/ polyester core dry treated rope that works well with Canyoneering.  For the ease of photos, I have opted not to show it in double line configurations.

     In single strand high friction mode, this device is among the easiest to manage.  The descent is extremely controllable and little strength is needed to stop.  This is my preferred rappel device to use with new Canyoneers as it’s high friction and slow predictable descent characteristics can help calm quivering knees. 

     If you want to speed up your descent and add a bit of versatility, simply flip the device on the carabiner and feed the rope through In single strand low friction mode.  The device becomes noticeably faster yet control seems to be a bit smoother (see summary).  Canyoneers that anticipate being in a cold waterfall might appreciate this mode of operation as you can move a little more quickly when you need to maneuver behind or around rushing water quickly while still maintaining full control. 

            Summary:  Overall I really like this little device.  It is an excellent choice for beginners as the high friction mode takes little strength to maintain total control of the rope.  The only issue with this device is when using the high friction setting, it is sometimes hard to find the “sweet spot” when feeding the rope into the device.  Because of the great grip on the rope, you have to give a little more slack than with other devices to get moving, then the device takes up the slack a little quicker than you might be feeding it and the rope sinks into the friction ridges again causing you to bounce slightly.  This is more noticeable on ropes with higher static elongation properties (above 7%).  The cable that comes molded with the device is a nice touch, however if you don’t pay attention to the ATC XP while you are coming off the rope, it is still easy to lose.  Some canyoneers I know will tie a small section of thin cord to the cable of the ATC XP to make sure they don’t lose it.  I generally don’t advise this as there is enough to keep track of near your rappel device and another cord is an un-necessary risk of tangling.  Still, the control offered by this device has earned it a place on my harness as a competent rappel device and an excellent choice for novices as well.

 

Hungry Little Fish...

            The Pirana  is a rappel device manufactured by the Petzl corporation.  It is a versatile unit with design options for no less than four different friction settings as demonstrated by the manufacturer.  It is the incorporation of the necessary horns and rope channels into the design that give the Pirana its’ distinctly unique shape.  It is a lightweight unit made from aluminum that retails at most places for around thirty five dollars.  We had difficulty locating one at first but after a brief search managed to acquire one at a local Sport Chalet.  Petzl recommends the use of this product on rope between eight and thirteen millimeter diameter.  We tried it on various friction settings on eight, nine, and thirteen millimeter ropes in wet and dry rappels to evaluate the performance of this little device.  The first thing noticed is an interesting little quirk about its preference for Petzl carabiners.  It’s design features a plastic bushing that essentially traps the device on the ‘biner so it will not drop off when removing the rope from the device.  This requires the carabiner to fit tightly into the device.  Petzl recommends the use of their Attache or William carabinerswith the Pirana and we would agree as these seem to be the only carabiners that fit the hole properly – if at all. 

      For ease of writing as well as ease of reading, the friction settings in this article will coincide with the pictures and will escalate numerically as the friction increases.  For example, friction setting one will be shown in picture one and will be the lowest friction setting the device is designed for.  Friction setting two will be picture number two and will be the next higher friction setting on the device – all the way to the highest setting shown in picture number five.  For testing purposes, we used the least expensive static rope that was readily available to us that is specifically designed around rappelling.  In this instance this is the Sterling Ropes H.T.P. rope in a 9mm dry treated super static.  This rope is a polyester on polyester kernmantle design rope with good wet and dry properties.  This evaluation is intended to give you an overview and basic working knowledge of this rappel device.  It is not intended to instruct you on it’s use or substitute for proper training.  All information contained in this review is for you to use at your own risk.  Opinions vary and references to personal ability and angle of rappel are subjective.  With that said…

            Friction setting one is a fast setting with similar properties to a figure eight.  With our test rope this setting is best used on a moderate angle rappel (numerically less than 60 degrees) for the average user to easily maintain control. 

     Friction setting places the rope behind the lower horn on the left side of the device (in the right handed rappel position).  Friction setting two was much better and required  a significantly lighter grip to keep your speed under control.  It is still potentially a “fast” rappel but most can maintain control without too much effort at higher angles (60 to 80 degrees).  long rappels or those that require tricky maneuvering might want to go to the next setting though.

     Setting number three on this device placed the rope behind both lower horns and was extremely controllable, offering smooth rope feed characteristics on high angle to free hanging situations.  This setting is still manageable on lower angles but a little finesse is sometimes needed to keep the rope flowing smoothly under these conditions. 

     Setting number four is the highest friction setting with the rope having to be basically fed through on all but free hang situations.  This setting wraps the rope around both outer horns and is good in situations where you have a heavy pack or are rappelling through a waterfall and your footing is very uncertain.  Be aware that under this setting you must keep light tension on the rope at all times in order to keep from allowing any slack in the rope from slipping off the upper horn of the device.  This is extremely rare to the best of my knowledge I have only heard of it once and my source was prone to exaggerate) but it could be possible under some circumstances.  The nice thing about friction setting four is it is applicable on the fly.  You can be running any of the aforementioned three settings and apply number four on top of them at anytime during the rappel.  This versatility is comforting if you find out mid-way through your rappel that you didn’t set up enough friction when you “got on the rope”.  It is not difficult to do but practice this maneuver close to the ground first to get the hang of it before it counts.

            Summary:  This little device proved to be versatile and sturdy as it would be expected to be from a company such as Petzl.  Petzl products always come with detailed instructions and diagrams and the Pirana is no exception.  The ease of use, versatility, as well as the light weight and design features definitely deserve our recommendation as a must – have rappel device.  The tight fit onto the carabiner means you are less likely to lose it when coming of rope with wet, cold, stiff hands or when entering a pool of water.  I have been using this little device for a number of years.  I started this review long ago and just got around to finishing it.  The information has been updated and the pictures are recent in the interest of keeping current.  I have used the Pirana on ropes ranging from 8mm to 11mm, on polyester, nylon, and aramid.  It has also been run in a double line configuration (not shown) and is now my preferred rappel device.